1. The Vedic people
The Vedic people are the first known culture in India and date back to around 1500 BCE. They were nomadic pastoralists and agriculturalists who lived in small villages. Many of their practices and beliefs still exist today, such as worship of nature and a connection to the cosmos. The Vedic people were thought to be the creators of the Hindu Yuga, or cycle of life, which is still followed today.
2. Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great arrived in India in 327 BCE, and quickly conquered most of central and eastern India. He then moved northwest towards the Cashmere region, where he founded several cities including Alexandria and Alexandretta (now Iskenderun, Turkey). His vast army and conquests left a lasting legacy on India, shaping it into what it is today. His teachings about democracy and civic responsibility are still followed by many Indians today.
3. The Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire was founded in 1526 by Babur, a Turco-Mongolian leader. It reached its zenith under Emperor Akbar (1556-1605), who founded many important institutions including the Imperial Library and established diplomatic ties with Europe. Although it declined after his death, the Mughal Empire left an indelible mark on Indian culture that continues to be seen today. Examples include the Taj Mahal and Jahangir’s Tomb.
4.The Ashok Empire
The Ashok Empire was one of the most powerful empires in the ancient world. It was founded in the third century BC by Emperor Ashoka, and ruled over much of India and some parts of Pakistan until it collapsed around 1200 AD. the empire is best known for its monuments, art, and buddhism.
5.Chandragupta Maurya
Found by Henry Howard (1620-1703), the first English scholar of ancient India and the fourth Englishman to climb Mount Everest, Chandragupta is believed b
Chandragupta was born in Pataliputra, capital of the Mauryan Empire in the first half of the 3rd century BC. The earliest reference to him occurs in the texts of Chandragupta's great uncle, the Buddhist philosopher Maṇḍana, who describes Chandragupta's ancestry and early education. Chandragupta was born in Pataliputra, capital of the Mauryan Empire in the first half of the 3rd century BC. The earliest reference to him occurs in the texts of Chandragupta's great uncle, the Buddhist philosopher Maṇḍana, who describes Chandragupta's ancestry and early education.
Sometime around the year 311 BC, Chandragupta became one of the principal administrators of the Mauryan Empire after Maurya Emperor Ashoka completed the process of abolishing the indigenous Aryan kingdoms of Gandhara and the Vardhana region, and installing his father, the elder Chandragupta Maurya, as emperor in Pataliputra. Although Chandragupta's family was the first to hold the title of sovereign, Chandragupta's full title was king of all the countries of the Vindhyas and the eastern regions of the Mauryas, in the particular order of rising to the rule of the Empire by succession. For the remainder of Ashoka's reign, which lasted only until around 166 BC, Chandragupta's authority over eastern India was absolute.
During Chandragupta's reign, Chandragupta is said to have conquered three of the most powerful city-states of ancient India: Kushinagar, Mithila and Magadha. Although Chandragupta is believed to have conquered Magadha shortly after his father's death in 149 BC, for which Chandragupta Maurya received praise from the ancient Greek historian Plutarch, Magadha and its neighboring territories were not included in Chandragupta's empire when Maurya's great-grandson, Chandragupta II, seized control of the Mauryan Empire following Chandragupta's death in 150 BC.
Upon becoming emperor, Chandragupta divided his empire some to have been the founder of the Maurya Dynasty in India, which ruled in that country for nearly five centuries.
At age 19 Chandragupta united the northwestern kingdoms of the Mauryas, then ruled by his grandfather, and established the Mauryan dynasty (307-321 BCE), the most ancient dynasty of imperial rule.
A massive mural with the likeness of Chandragupta, painted on a wall of the Buddhist monastery known as the Jain Manikavaya in Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, is one of the most important surviving images of an Indian monarch.
The Mauryas built a capital at Pataliputra, later renamed New Delhi. The dynasty's great achievement was the founding of the great city of Chandragupta's birth, the Mauryan Empire. Chandragupta conquered kingdoms as far away as what is now Afghanistan and Pakistan and expanded south and east to central Asia.
Many historians believe the Mauryan empire was the first Indian empire to be in effect stable for five centuries. In 273 BCE Chandragupta had returned from his expedition to the Persian empire and traveled through southern India, as well as to southeast Asia, where he and the Mauryan rulers are credited with introducing Buddhism into India.
Majeed Abu Bakr (500-697 CE), known as Mahabharata to Europeans, was a medieval Arab chronicler who made several trips to India and wrote an important chronicle of that country.
The Chandragupta Maurya's tomb has been preserved and is one of the most important cultural heritage sites in southern India.
Guided by a tour guide, we descend and re-enter the archeological site after visiting the Mauryan complex and seeing the enormous temple complex in the Mauryan garden.
In 2002, the East India Company established the National Institute of Archaeology and Allied Sciences (NAAS) in Kolkata, India. The NIAAS has discovered a massive 2.5 km
6.Indian history
So much about this story is out of print and forgotten. Many of the anecdotes are pure myth:
Indians captured in the Far East and sent to the Calcutta region in the 17th and 18th centuries.
The manuscript tells about emigrants from Far East, where they were supposedly captured and marched into Bengal, like so many pirates; some ended up as serfs, others, like some of the Tatas, ended up with titles of nobility.
The musketeers who first attacked the retreating Indian forces were led by a group of indian musketeers who were to be promoted to generals for their bravery.
The musketeers were given instructions for making the first British rifles, before being given a chance to lead the charge to invade Delhi.
Perhaps most ridiculously, this manuscript describes the last battle of Shivaji in 1689, in which he attempts to successfully take Delhi, which was finally subdued by the combined forces of the English, Burmese and Nawab of Awadh. At the end, however, he captures a
The Battle of Panipat is still remembered by the Indian state of Haryana, which is named after the historic battlefield.
Nationalists claim that their founder, Nehru, fought in a battle at Panipat, but he never did.
History books don't mention that Nehru and Gandhi, famous for their opposing views on partition, were good friends, meeting often in Calcutta, from which they would travel together.
Gandhi had some indian nationalist connections. He was friends with nationalist leaders Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Lal Krishna Advani.
Buddhism's true origins in India are historically disputed.
In one account, Buddhists are mentioned in the Indian epic, the Mahabharata. The last part of that epic is titled Mahabharata (Battle of the Eight Saints), and is described as a battle in which a tyrant, Anastasia (Admiration, Bana Dharma) invades a mountain by crossing eight rivers (an indian tradition of History).
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